Document Type : Case studies
Authors
1
Mechanical engineering department, Faculty of Engineering, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Department of Mechanical Power Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
2
Mechanical engineering department, Faculty of Engineering, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt – Email: 202100703@pua.edu.eg
3
Mechanical engineering department, Faculty of Engineering, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
Abstract
The global pursuit of sustainable energy solutions has accelerated interest in enhancing the performance and environmental compatibility of compression ignition (CI) engines. This review focuses on the strategic role of advanced fuel additives in optimizing combustion characteristics and promoting sustainable engine operation. Fuel additives including oxygenates, Cetane improvers, metallic catalysts, and emerging nano-additives have demonstrated the potential to reduce ignition delay, improve combustion efficiency, and significantly lower harmful emissions such as NOx, CO, unburned hydrocarbons, and particulate matter. By modifying fuel properties such as Cetane number, volatility, and oxygen content, these additives facilitate cleaner and more complete combustion. This paper critically analyzes recent experimental and numerical studies to evaluate the mechanisms and effectiveness of various additive types across different fuel blends and operating conditions. Special emphasis is placed on the environmental benefits, energy efficiency improvements, and compatibility with renewable and waste-derived fuels. The review also identifies challenges such as cost, long-term stability, and engine material compatibility, while highlighting opportunities for future research and commercialization. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive insight into sustainable combustion strategies in CI engines through the integration of advanced fuel additives, aligning with global efforts to achieve cleaner transportation and reduced carbon footprints.
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