Integrated Techno-Economic, Environmental, and Sensitivity Analysis of Hybrid PV/Wind Energy Systems for Powering a 3.5 MVA Tourist Resort in Ras Al-Hekma City, Egypt

Document Type : Research articles

Authors

1 Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Pharos University in Alexandria (PUA)

2 Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, 71518 Assiut, Egypt.

Abstract

This study presents an integrated techno-economic, environmental, and sensitivity analysis of hybrid photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy systems designed to supply a peak load of 3.5 MVA to a remote tourist resort in Ras Al-Hekma City, Egypt. Multiple configurations; PV- and wind-based; were examined, each incorporating combinations of battery storage (BS), fuel cells (FC), and hybrid FC/BS systems under off-grid conditions. The assessment evaluates system performance, cost of energy (COE), capital and operational expenditures, and resilience across different scenarios using real-site solar and wind resource data. Among PV-based systems, the PV/BS configuration demonstrated the lowest COE at $0.076/kWh, offering simplicity and economic efficiency, while the PV/FC/BS setup provided a balanced trade-off between reliability and cost. For wind-based systems, Wind/BS achieved the lowest COE at $0.067/kWh, making it the most cost-effective, whereas Wind/FC/BS offered the highest resilience at a higher cost. A comprehensive sensitivity analysis identified solar irradiance, wind speed, and component costs as the most influential parameters affecting system performance and COE. The findings underscore the feasibility of deploying hybrid renewable energy systems in coastal, off-grid locations and contribute to Egypt’s strategic goals for renewable energy integration and sustainable development.

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Pharos Engineering Science Journal
Volume 2, Issue 2
December 2025
Pages 335-344

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